The three basic weaves in common use for the majority of fabrics are plain, twill, and satin, with some variations. Important constructions are also obtained from the following weaves: Pile, double cloth, gauze, swivel, lappet, dobby, and jacquard. Table shows in details
Weave | Structure | Properties | Typical Fabric |
---|---|---|---|
Plain |
Each weft passes alternatively over and under each warp in a square pattern
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Easily produced, inexpensive, duarable and adaptable dyeing, printing and finishing.
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Batiste, Cheesecloth, Cretonne, Gingham, Parcel, Voil.
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Basket |
Two or more warps simultaneously interlaced with one or more weft.
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Inexpensive, drapable, resilient, absorbent, soils more easily.
|
Monk’s cloth, Oxford, |
Ribbed |
Plain weave with wales or cords in warp or weft.
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Drapes well, durability affected by pronounced rips, yarn slippage.
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Bengaline, broadcloth, poplin,
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Twill |
Warp or weft floats over two or more counterpart yarns in progressively stepped up right or left direction.
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Srong, increased drapability, flexible resilient, and lustrous.
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Chevot, denim, drill, fabardine, serge, tweed,
|
Satin |
Four or more shaft with warp floats in interrupted diagonal,
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Lustrous, excrllent drapability, floated fashion.
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Satin, Slipper satin, crepeback stin.
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Sateen |
Four or more shafts with weft floats in interruted
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Similar to Satin | Sateen |
Crepe |
Combination of plain and satin or Sateen weaves.
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Irregular, industinct pattern, textured surface.
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Granite, moss crepe, sand crepe.
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Pile |
Extra set of warps or wefts woven over ground yarns of plain or twill weave to form loops.
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Soft, warm, resilient, absorbent, interesting surface effects,
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Cut and uncut pile fabrics ranging from toweling to rugs.
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Cut Pile | Pile Loops cut | As Pile |
Corduroy, Velvet, velveteen
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Uncut Pile | Pile loops intact | As Pile | Frieze, Terry, |
Double cloth |
Two fabrics of independent weaves woven together with extra set of yarns.
|
Strong Warm, bulky |
Blanket, coatings, upholstery
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Leno |
Pairs of warps twisted over each other with each passing of weft
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Open mesh, sheer but durable for its weight.
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Grenadine, marquisette. |
Swivel |
Small designs interwoven on surface of fabric with extra weft yarn insertion.
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Attractive design yarns tend to roughness on back side.
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Dotted swiss, Madras |
Lappet |
Small designs, stitched into fabric during weaving.
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Attractive designs are more durable than swivel
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Madras, Grenadine. |
Dobby |
Small, geometric designs composed of short floats created by dobby loom attachment.
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Attractive generally good body.
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Hukaback, Granite cloth, Pique.
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Jacquard |
Any combination of weaves and patterns possible since each warp is individually controlled with each pick passage.
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Attractive, drapes well. |
Brocade, damask, tapestry.
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Triaxial |
Three yarns construction at various angles
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Strong, stable, minimum stretch.
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Industrial uses and home furnishings,
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