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The application of acid dye on protein fibres results in an ionic or Soult lime between the dye molecule & the fibre polymer. The point of the fibre polymer at which the dye is attached is termed the dye site. In wool the dye sites are the many amino groups of fibre under dyeing conditions. The amino group becomes positively changed & attached the negatively changed dye anion.
Chemical reaction:
| DSO3–Na+ | The generalized formula for the acid dye molecule |
| D | The color radical |
| DSO3– | The dye anion |
| Na+ | The sodium ion |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion (comes from acid) |
| Wool | The wool polymer |
Wool-NH2 + H+ ———————— Wool-NH3
Then,
Wool-NH3 + DSO3– —————— Wool-NH3+SO3–D
Dyeing recipe:
| Dye | X% |
| Gluber salt | 10-15% |
| Acetic acid (30%) | 3-5% |
| M: L | 1: 20 |
| Temperature | bioling temperature |
| Time | 30-45 minutes |
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